You are standing opposite the old train station in Limljani, on the former railway route from Bar to Virpazar. It was the very first railway line built by the State of Montenegro. Today, only the station building remains in Limljani — and a fond story about the train called “Ćiro.”

Back in 1908, during the first ceremonial ride in Bar, two kings were present: Nikola I Petrović and Vittorio Emanuele III of Italy. The railway, used for both passengers and goods, was built by the Italian company Compagnia di Antivari under contract with Montenegro. Its total length was 43 kilometers and 30 meters.

From that year until 1959, the train “Ćiro” ran through Limljani — the tracks once passed right here. The journey from Virpazar to Bar would take two to four hours, depending on the season. The locomotive was weak, so passengers often had to get off to help it move uphill.

The train climbed slowly, struggling toward a tunnel cutting through Sutorman, which was 1968 meters long. The tunnel still exists, but it’s no longer accessible, as it hasn’t been maintained. Its construction was the greatest engineering feat in Montenegro at the time, a challenge for both tools and workers.

“Ćiro” has been preserved and can still be seen today at the train stations in Bar and Podgorica, a reminder of a different era, the romance of travel, and the spirit of innovation of that time.

THE RACE WITH ĆIRO
Kićo Milić from Limljani once bet he could outrun the train. He ran beside the locomotive between two stations — and won the prize. Ćiro could not go faster than 25 km/h.

LIMLJANI IN THE GUINNESS BOOK
Why is Limljani in the Guinness Book? Because of this railway — with 5 stations and 2 stops. Nowhere else in the world did a train have five official stops in a single village.

SHORT FILM “SMALL TRAIN”
If this story intrigued you, check out the old short film Small Train on YouTube, featuring artistic shots by Dario Bremec, music by Bojan Adamič, and a script by Puriša Đorđević.

TRACES OF THE TETHYS OCEAN

While enjoying the beauty of the Skadar Lake basin and the village of Limljani, few realize that this region preserves traces of the ancient Tethys Ocean. Before Tethys, Earth had one continent—Pangaea—and one ocean—Panthalassa. Around 440 million years ago, massive tectonic shifts divided Pangaea into Laurasia (Europe, Asia, North America) and Gondwana (South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica, India), forming the Tethys Ocean, which covered the Balkan region and parts of Europe. Today, remnants of Tethys still exist in the Mediterranean, Black, Azov, and Caspian Seas, shaped by a warm, humid, subtropical climate.

TRACES OF DEPOSIT FEEDERS

Around 250 million years ago, Limljani was part of the shallow Tethys waters, rich with marine life. Corals, shellfish, sea urchins—and deposit feeders, resembling small worms about ten centimeters long—thrived here. These creatures burrowed through the seabed, consuming sediment and extracting nutrients. Their activity disrupted the natural layering of ocean deposits—a process known in geology as bioturbation. Their ancient burrows remain preserved in limestones and marls, forming 120-meter-thick layers visible today in Limljani.

CRMNICA CONGLOMERATES

During the Middle Triassic, around 240 million years ago, Crmnica was part of Tethys’ deep-sea zone. A massive river from the mainland deposited gravel and sand, creating a delta. These sediments traveled up to 10 kilometers underwater, eventually settling in the deep ocean. Over millions of years, they hardened into conglomerate rock. These 60-meter-thick layers, known as the Crmnica Conglomerates, contain fossils such as Spiriferina, Rhynchonella, Encrinus, and Ceratites.

SUTORMAN – THE FOLDED OCEAN FLOOR

Sutorman Mountain holds rock formations that reveal the story of the ancient Tethys lagoon—a shallow, turquoise paradise filled with corals, algae, and shellfish. Over time, the limestone formed under calm waters. But then, a powerful underwater volcanic eruption altered everything. The ocean floor folded and rose, transforming the landscape. Though Tethys disappeared, its fossils and rock layers remain—telling the story of an ocean that once covered Montenegro.

This historical account of the cemetery church in the village of Limljani, built through the effort, faith, and unity of the locals, reflects the spirit of Montenegro in the second half of the 19th century. A testimony of the consecration of the Church of Saint John the Baptist was recorded in the Montenegrin press of the time.

In issue 48 of the newspaper Glas Crnogorca, from Sunday, December 8, 1885, it states:

“As is well known, the people of Crmnica are very religious, especially those in Limljani, and in 1874 they began construction of a new, magnificent church. The people built this temple so beautifully that it can be compared to the finest churches in Montenegro. His Highness, Prince Nikola I, donated over 300 florins in gold. The church was built on the initiative of the zealous parish priest, Mr. Savo Klisić.”

The church was built by the hands of the villagers themselves, who carried stone from nearby hills, often on foot, kilometers away. It was built in honor of Saint John the Baptist and over time became not only a sanctuary but a symbol of village unity.

The formal consecration of the church was held on December 1, 1885. The Most Reverend Metropolitan Mitrofan Ban personally came from Cetinje to lead the service.

“After the divine liturgy, the large crowd welcomed the metropolitan in front of the church, to greet him. On behalf of the locals, teacher Jovan Vujanović stepped forward and delivered a speech filled with patriotism and faith. He concluded with the words: ‘Long live our gracious Ruler Prince Nikola. Long live!’ To which the people responded: ‘Long live! Long live! Long live!’”

After the service, the people of Limljani gathered around the church in a great folk dance. Songs were sung late into the night, with music, laughter, and prayer. It was a day still told in stories – a day when Limljani was lit up by faith, hope, and unity.

THE MIRACLE OF THE CHURCH OF SAINT THOMAS

On the slopes of the village of Limljani, near Bar, stands a small single-nave church dedicated to Saint Thomas, belonging to the Klisić brotherhood. According to locals, this sacred site is more than 12 centuries old. Though modest in size, the church has withstood incredible natural disasters over the centuries and still stands today as a symbol of faith, endurance, and the deep roots of tradition.

THE LANDSLIDE OF 1896

Originally, the church stood 150 meters uphill, to the left of the road. But in February 1896, after forty days of relentless rain, the ground in the center of the village shifted. A massive landslide destroyed all the homes of the Klisić brotherhood—except the church. As the story goes, the entire plateau with the Church of Saint Thomas slid downhill, intact. During the movement, the church rotated 45 degrees and now faces northwest–southeast. It remains tilted at a 17-degree angle—a sight that continues to amaze visitors.

THE EARTHQUAKE OF 1979

Limljani suffered greatly in the devastating 1979 earthquake. Nearly all old houses were destroyed, and lives were lost. Yet, the Church of Saint Thomas stood strong. It was damaged, but not destroyed. The Klisić brotherhood, deeply connected to their holy site, restored the church’s interior, preserving it once more as a symbol of survival.

FAMILY SAINT’S DAY

The Klisić family celebrates St. John’s Day, October 6, as their patron saint’s day—a date marking the family’s conversion from paganism to Christianity. On this day, all homes are open to guests, with tables full of traditional food and drink. This hospitality, faith, and respect for ancestors are the spirit that keeps this place alive, just like the church that has endured for centuries.

Sutorman is part of the coastal mountain range belonging to the Rumija massif. It lies between Paštrovska Gora and Rumija itself, separated by the Sutorman Pass (805 m), which also divides the Bar coastline from the Crmnica plain.

Its slopes stretch in different directions – southeast toward the Bar field, southwest toward Sutomore and Petrovac, and north toward Limljani and the wider Crmnica area. The highest peak is Vrsuta (1183 m), a rocky plateau offering stunning panoramic views – from the Adriatic Sea, across Lovćen and Katunska nahija, all the way to the distant Prokletije.

On its slopes lies the well-known Karuči viewpoint, overlooking Crmnica, Lovćen and surrounding villages. In the past, the famous “Ćiro” train passed through here, connecting the coast to the inland.

The mountain is famous for its springs. According to legend, there are 365 of them – one for each day of the year. The village of Limljani, at the foot of the mountain, has always been known for clean springs, rivers, and old watermills. Each brotherhood once had its own spring, many of which still flow today.

Vrsuta is a true natural jewel. Four types of internationally important habitats have been recorded here: Mediterranean dry grasslands, beech and oak-hornbeam forests, and limestone cliffs with unique vegetation. Over 500 plant taxa grow here, 57 of which are endemic.

Three rare species stand out: Gymnospermium scipetarum, an Illyrian endemic found only here in Montenegro; Tulipa grisebachiana, the only tulip species in the Montenegrin flora, with its largest population on Vrsuta; and Edraianthus wettsteini, a bellflower found only in the Rumija massif – with Vrsuta marking the lowest point (860 m) of its known range.

Thanks to its beauty, legends, and rich biodiversity, Sutorman is an ideal destination for those seeking adventure, silence, and a true connection with nature.

*Listed are rural households that are members of our association and are featured on this site.

Others:

Aleksandar Sjekloća
Tel: +382 69 020 285, +382 67 258 815

Ivo Pejanović
Tel: +382 69 468 008

Ilija Klisić
Tel: +382 69 025 164

Dragan Pejanović
Tel: +382 67 631 011

Momo Vulićević
Tel: +382 68 251 047

Mirjana Pejanović
Tel: +382 68 896 329

Vesna Klisić
Tel: +382 69 410 205

Mladen Kapa
Tel: +382 69 421 996

Petar Rolović
Tel: +382 63 285 718

Elena Sjekloća
Tel: +382 69 596 225

Neda Ivanović
Tel: +382 69 039 200

Rajka Sjekloća
Tel: +382 68 634 415

Pepa Dragišić
Tel: +382 67 112 146

• HIKING MAP “BETWEEN TWO MAGICAL SHORES”
• TOURIST MAP OF BAR
• PANORAMIC ROUTE

After the German attack on Poland in 1939, a large protest rally was held at Biogradsko Lake. Following the capitulation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in April 1941, Montenegro was occupied by the Italian army. Armed resistance was carefully prepared and began with the July 13 Uprising.

In Lubnice, the uprising started on July 16, 1941, with an attack on the local gendarmerie station. The attack on Berane saw rebels from all over the district participating, regardless of party or ideology. As in old Montenegrin warfare, mothers, wives, and sisters followed the fighters, carrying essential supplies—mainly clean cloths instead of bandages and food. Around 5,000 people joined the uprising. Italian soldiers and Carabinieri surrendered, and a People’s Liberation Committee was formed—the only executive authority in occupied Yugoslavia. Soon after, a German expedition regained control.

The victory in Berane boosted morale, but after the Partisans’ heavy defeat in Pljevlja, the resistance fractured. This marked the start of ideological conflicts in Montenegro and Gornja Sela. One dark episode was the execution of 42 captured Partisans.

Partisan units withdrew into underground shelters built in many locations, one of which is part of this memorial site. To crush the resistance, German and Italian aircraft bombed villages to intimidate the people and expose the Partisans. Lubnice was bombed six times. Luckily, there were no casualties, but nearly two-thirds of the village was destroyed.

Berane and the region were finally liberated on September 15, 1944.

The names of Lubnice’s warriors and victims of fascist terror, inscribed on the marble plaque, speak most eloquently of their sacrifice. They gave their lives so that others could live in freedom.

Life and customs in the Upper Villages do not differ much from the rest of the Montenegrin population. The settlers merged their traditions with the way of life of the local inhabitants and the customs of the neighboring Vasojevići. Until World War II, customs were highly respected, guided by the old saying: “Better for the village to perish than the customs.” This thought was the guiding principle of every family in preserving family ties and moral principles.

Family and family cooperatives were the basic cells of society. The average family had 7–8 members, while cooperatives had over thirty. The eldest male member was at the head, and his word was respected without question. Property belonged to the entire community, but the elder was its undisputed master. According to customary law, women had no right to inheritance. Children obeyed their parents and elders without question, and the elder enjoyed lifelong respect.

The role of women was extremely demanding. In addition to caring for the household, she prepared winter supplies, supervised shepherds, worked in the fields, wove clothes, and made footwear. It was said: “A house does not stand on the ground but on a woman.” This did not imply degradation but a necessary division of labor in harsh conditions. If the elder died, the widow took over his role. Women were respected and protected, and a brother was their lifelong guardian. French consul Ekar wrote in 1810 that Montenegrins were ready for revenge over the slightest insult to their women.

The birth of a male child was a special joy. Gunshots were fired, while daughters were said to be “someone else’s fortune.” If a family lost male children, the next son would be named Vuk or Vukašin, believing that evil spirits could not harm a “wolf” name. Boys participated in hard work and received their first rifle by the age of 12–14. By 18, they served in village troops.

Until the late 19th century, marriages were arranged without the consent of the bride and groom—fathers made the decisions. Young people could see each other at gatherings and village fairs. Marriage had a clear purpose—love, respect, offspring, and care for elderly parents. After the wedding, the bride stayed in the groom’s home until younger brothers started their families.

Every brotherhood celebrated its patron saint’s day, a holiday of clan identity. On that day, everyone was welcome in the host’s home. The ritual included baking ceremonial bread, cooking wheat, and lighting a candle, and the celebration was passed from father to son.

Houses were mostly built from spruce wood, with stone foundations and shingle roofs. The simplest were single-story, while more complex ones had a basement for food storage. At the center of the household was the hearth, a symbol of warmth and unity, around which families gathered, told stories, and passed down traditions from generation to generation.

This way of life, though nearly vanished today, has left an indelible mark on the collective memory of the Upper Villages’ inhabitants, who still proudly cherish memories of their ancestors and their way of life.

CHURCH OF SAINT JANJA

In the area of the old village cemetery, during 1999, archaeological research uncovered the remains of the Church of Saint Janja, which were then protected and preserved. It is believed that the church was built in the late 15th or early 16th century, as evidenced by the remains of its plinth and preserved traces of frescoes. The church measured 13.5 meters in length and 6.35 meters in width, while the apse had a radius of 1.5 meters. An unusual feature of the church was its movable altar, as no traces of solid material were found in the foundation of the partition wall. Covered with wooden shingles, the church did not retain its original roof. Historical sources state that stone slabs used for the construction of both this church and the Đurđevi Stupovi Monastery were transported by horses from Vodotres.

The Church of Saint Janja was the spiritual center of the Gornjoseljani community, where believers gathered throughout history. In numerous wars and uprisings, the church was often damaged, but locals would always restore it once the danger had passed. According to legend, in the 19th century, monk Milan Obradović, during a time of great peril, transferred church treasures to the Brezojević Church, from where they allegedly ended up in the Patriarchate of Peć or the Prizren Seminary. To this day, it remains uncertain where these artifacts are located.

THE LEGEND OF JANJA’S LAND

Not far from the church ruins lies a vast ecclesiastical estate known as Janja’s Land. Art historians speculate that a female monastery once stood on this site, though no precise records of its founding exist. Legend says that Janja, the sister of the infamous Jerina, lived there as an ascetic, repenting for sins and earning a saintly reputation. The monastery’s land was cultivated by villagers, who contributed a portion of their yields to the church, and there are no written records proving that they had independent land ownership. It is presumed that all local estates belonged to the monastery.

THE SACRED TREE OF THE OLD ASH

Beside the remains of the Church of Saint Janja stands an ancient ash tree, which the people of Lubnice consider sacred. Of undetermined age, this monumental tree has inspired reverence and awe for centuries. It is believed that damaging it brings great misfortune, a belief reinforced by numerous local tales of calamities befalling those who desecrated it. Due to its cultural and natural significance, the old ash tree is listed as a protected natural monument.

To the northwest of the village of Lubnice, above the Vodotres katun, rises the imposing rock known as Žuta Platija. Behind its massive cliffs lies a natural gem – Udovinjica, a gorge with steep, almost vertical cliffs forming a natural passage. From its center, a magnificent view of Lubnice unfolds, while the entrances to the gorge, hidden in a dense beech forest, add an aura of mystique and allure to this place.

According to legend, Udovinjica was named after a tragic event in which members of the Obradović brotherhood were surrounded and killed, leaving behind numerous widows. Today, this place stands as a silent witness to difficult times and a lasting reminder of the fate of ancestors.

At the foot of Udovinjica lies the Vodotres katun, known for its exceptionally powerful source of cold, potable water. This spring, after which the katun was named, is so strong that it sometimes causes the ground to tremble. Once an important summer settlement for Lubnice herders, it is now abandoned, but its huts still testify to the region’s rich pastoral tradition. The spring is a perfect resting spot for hikers and nature lovers, especially during hot summer days when it offers refreshment with its crystal-clear and icy water.

According to local elders, herders once used Udovinjica gorge as a natural corral to protect their livestock from wolves that roamed the area at night.

A circular hiking trail passes through Udovinjica, leading from the village of Lubnice, over the Vodotres katun, through the gorge, then across Pojatište, and back through forested slopes to the village. This route offers nature enthusiasts a chance to explore the unique landscapes of Bjelasica, while also extending towards the peak of Crna Glava (2139 m), which provides a spectacular panoramic view of the entire region. Hiking enthusiasts and adventurers can enjoy this dynamic and diverse trail, which combines untouched nature, cultural heritage, and unforgettable viewpoints.

Udovinjica has been recognized as one of Montenegro’s outstanding natural treasures and was included in the “All Wonders of Montenegro” project in 2016, organized by the Ministry of Tourism.

Across the river and canyon, on a rocky cliff, lies Župan Cave, the longest cave in the municipality of Berane. Situated on the hill of the same name, at an altitude of 1205 meters, the cave extends 1160 meters in length and reaches a depth of 22 meters. The entrance is 20 meters wide, while its main corridor stretches 100 meters. The interior consists of numerous passages, one filled with water, while some remain unexplored. Particularly significant is the discovery of prehistoric cave bear remains, a unique subspecies found nowhere else in the world.

Visiting the cave requires a speleological guide, which can be arranged through the Tourist Organization of Berane. There are no marked trails leading to the cave, and entry is only possible with the assistance of professional speleologists.

The legend of Župan Cave dates back to the time when Slavs and Romans lived in the valleys of the Tara and Lim rivers. According to the records of Pop Dukljanin, the conflict between the Slavic Župan Ljutomir and the Roman Pavlimir-Bela was the key event that gave the cave its name. Roman Župan Pavlimir-Bela, who ruled from the Samograd fortress three kilometers away, took refuge in the cave to escape an attack.

Slavic prince Ljutomir, camping on the plateau opposite the cave, devised a plan to drive out Pavlimir-Bela. He ordered his soldiers to cut down the forest around the entrance and set it on fire, letting thick smoke spread inside, suffocating those hiding within. At that moment, Pavlimir-Bela’s wife, who was also Ljutomir’s sister, begged her brother to allow her to leave the cave with servants and belongings. Ljutomir agreed, unaware of her plan – she hid her husband in a large chest and carried him out of the cave.

However, the prince soon grew suspicious and caught up with the procession. Upon opening the chest and discovering Pavlimir-Bela, he immediately executed him. The surviving soldiers in the cave perished, and the story of this event continued to be passed down through generations.

From the conflict of the two Župans, only memories remain, along with the cave’s name and the hill that still bears the same title, preserving the traces of an ancient past and the secrets of one of the most fascinating legends of this region.

The Bjelasica lakes, part of the Biogradska Gora National Park, established in 1952, are a natural treasure featuring primeval forests, mountain peaks, and glacial lakes formed during the last Ice Age. The park spans 5,650 hectares and includes lakes such as Biogradsko Lake, Šiško Large and Small Lakes, Ursulovačko Large and Small Lakes, Pešića Lake, and Ševarinsko Lake, each with unique significance.

Biogradsko Lake, at 1,094 meters, is the largest, covering 23 hectares. Surrounded by beech, fir, and spruce forests up to 500 years old, it is fed by streams like the Biogradska River. Its clear water reflects Bjelasica peaks, such as Crna Glava (2,139 m), and hosts trout and various plants.

Šiško Large Lake, at 1,660 meters, spans 4 hectares, while Šiško Small Lake, at 1,777 meters, is smaller. Encircled by alpine meadows and rocks, these lakes attract hikers with their wild beauty and tranquility.

Ursulovačko Large Lake, at 1,838 meters, covers 3 hectares, while the smaller one is lower and more modest. Their dark water, due to glacial sediments, and rocky surroundings highlight their rugged nature.

Pešića Lake, at 1,700 meters, spans 2 hectares. Surrounded by pastures, it draws deer, foxes, and shepherds grazing cattle in summer.

Ševarinsko Lake, at 1,500 meters, is vanishing due to eutrophication. Once 1 hectare, it is now a marsh overgrown with reeds and aquatic plants, evidencing the natural lake cycle.

These lakes, part of Bjelasica’s glacial heritage, are preserved within Biogradska Gora National Park as a refuge for rare species and an oasis of untouched nature. Visit them with respect for this ecosystem.

The special value of these lakes lies in their diversity and ability to sustain life in extreme conditions. From the deep waters of Biogradsko to the fading Ševarinsko, each lake tells a story of geological change and nature’s adaptation, making this park a must-visit for nature and science enthusiasts.

*Listed are rural households that are members of our association and are featured on this site. For other accommodation providers in this area, check Google Maps or Booking.com.

• BJELASICA (ORLJI KRŠI, CRNA GLAVA)
• JELOVICA – PADEŽA – TUSTA – MICAN – ZEKOVA GLAVA – PRIJEKI SMET – GUSINJSKA RUPA – JELOVICA
• HIKING TRAIL LUBNICE – UDOVINJICA – KURIKUĆE – NJEVAŠTICA CAVES
• LAKE ROUTE
• CRNA GLAVA (STRMENICA) FROM SUVODOL
• LUBNICE – UDOVINJICA – CRNA GLAVA
• UDOVINJICA
• TWO HEADS AND FIVE LAKES ROUTE
• JELOVICA – PADEŽA – TUSTA – MICAN – ZEKOVA GLAVA – PRIJEKI SMET – GUSINJSKA RUPA – JELOVICA
• KATUN ROADS

THE SCHOOL IN GORNJI VASOJEVIĆI

With the annexation of Gornji Vasojevići to the Principality of Montenegro during the 19th century, conditions were created for the revival of education, which had completely disappeared under Ottoman rule. After the first secular school in Montenegro was opened in Cetinje in 1834, a school was established in Kralje in 1858. Just a year later, it was relocated to Konjuhe, in the village of Košutiće, where it became known as the “Vasojević University.”

This school was not just a place where children learned to read and write, but they also acquired military skills such as fencing, wrestling, and gymnastics. Students were also taught the basics of public speaking, which was of great importance in the society of that time. Many of the school’s graduates later became distinguished educators, judges, officers, and military leaders, contributing to Montenegro’s development during the turbulent years that followed.

The first teacher was Priest Miloš Vuković, born in 1835 in Košutiće. He was educated in theological and teaching schools in Serbia and Petrograd (Russia), and upon returning to his homeland, he became a symbol of education beneath the Komovi mountains. He is remembered for his wise sayings, such as: “If you want to be a branch, pray to God to be a tree,” and “Frost does not fall to break the tree, but to wither the leaves.” Priest Miloš Vuković is buried in the courtyard of the village church in Konjuhe, where locals still pay their respects to him today.

THE CHURCH OF THE ASCENSION OF THE LORD

In addition to education, the princely government also supported the construction of churches in Gornji Vasojevići. On the initiative of Prince Nikola, in 1892, Metropolitan Mitrofan Ban gave his blessing for the construction of the Church of the Ascension of the Lord in Konjuhe. Built in the traditional Montenegrin style of the time, this church soon became the spiritual and cultural center of the region.

The church served not only as a place of worship but also as a gathering place for villagers, where important decisions were made and folk traditions were preserved. Throughout turbulent historical events, it endured as a symbol of Vasojević spirituality and identity. Today, the Church of the Ascension of the Lord in Konjuhe is considered one of the most significant cultural monuments in the area, and the locals continue to cherish its role in preserving faith and tradition.

In 2005 and 2008, the Polim Museum from Berane conducted an archaeological excavation of the remains of a monastery complex, located 250 meters uphill from here. Based on modest but exceptionally valuable remains, it was determined that this is one of the oldest churches in the Polimlje region. Both churches were built before or during the arrival of the Slavs in the Balkans (6th or 7th century), when these areas belonged to the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium) and were inhabited by Illyrian tribes. Based on the tombs inside and outside the small church and the remains of church furniture found in them, it is concluded that the small church was the endowment of a prominent landowner of that time.

The continuity of monastic life is evidenced by the remains of the narthex of the small church, most likely built in the 9th century, and a book (record) from “Čečevo” from 1344, written by Smilj Dabižov Vasilije, a falconer who later became a monk in this monastery in Košutići. The monastery and the Church of the Ascension of the Lord are mentioned as a Dečani metochion in the Dečani chrysobull. In the record of the monk Smilj, spanning 80 pages, he speaks about the princes from Košutići and three Slavic tribes that came to Debrec (the area from Plav to the village of Budimlja), which the duke Vladislav “united into one being.”

The Čečevo Monastery and the caravan route passing by it, as well as numerous toponyms in this area containing the word “car” (emperor), are linked in legends to Emperor Dušan Nemanjić, the Serbian ruler (1331-1355). Folk tales speak of caravans carrying his treasure and gold passing along these routes and of him personally staying in the monastery lodgings.

The hamlet of Košutići got its poetic name from the hinds that once roamed the forests around the monastery.

In an effort to preserve the continuity of 15 centuries of existence, a church was built on the remains of the early Christian monastery.

You are standing in front of the last watermill in the Potkomovlje region, where, albeit rarely, corn kernels are still ground into fine yellow powder used to make the famous Vasojević kolobotnjica. This grain mill has existed since 1938. It was built by the esteemed host Milić Đerković, who left it as a legacy to his sons and grandchildren. His grandson Dragan has not forgotten this legacy—he still takes care of the mill, maintains it, and occasionally sets its stone in motion, just as it once ground tons of the finest flour. The sound of the millstone and the murmuring stream were once an essential part of daily life in this area, and the scent of freshly ground flour filled the valley.

When the Slavs settled these fertile mountainous lands and valleys in the 6th century, they named the river after their supreme deity, Perun—hence Perućica. To them, it was powerful and mighty, just like the ruler of the sky and thunder. In the past, up until shortly after World War II, there were numerous watermills along its banks. They operated at full capacity, and milling appointments had to be scheduled in advance. In those post-war years, millers took a five percent share of the ground flour as payment, while today, Dragan is willing to grind for free, just to keep the mill from rusting.

Once, every inch of arable land in the villages below Komovi was cultivated. In addition to corn, white grains—wheat, rye, barley, and oats—were grown. These crops sustained families, providing bread, porridge, and pies that were the foundation of their diet. This mill stands as a monument, a silent witness to times when countless generations were raised on bread made from grain ground in the Đerković watermill. Today, as fewer people engage in agriculture and old skills fade into history, this mill remains a reminder of the perseverance and dedication of our ancestors.

The sound of water driving the millstone and the scent of freshly ground flour transport us back in time—to an era when life was simpler, yet filled with community and hard work. If you want to experience the spirit of the past, visit this mill, listen to its whisper, and feel the connection to a tradition that is slowly disappearing.

If you would like to visit the mill, you can contact Dragan Đerković at +382 69 536 027.

After crossing this bridge, you arrive in Japan – the village that first sees the sun as it rises above the Komovi mountains. In spring, the mountain meadows come to life under the cherry blossoms, giving the village a unique poetic charm. Anyone who hears about this unusual village is eager to learn how it got its name.

One explanation dates back to the Middle Ages when the village was part of the Nemanjic state and belonged to the Visoki Decani monastery. It is believed that the name Japan originates from the Latin term “iapanus,” which referred to a župan or frontier governor.

Another story comes from the time of the Kingdom of Montenegro. Standard-bearer Samilo Fatic, a brave fighter in the war against Austria-Hungary, once asked King Nikola to help his village get access to water. To explain where the village was located, he said: “It is far in the middle of nowhere, Sire, just like Japan.”

Interestingly, Montenegro formally declared war on Japan in 1904, in support of Russia during the Russo-Japanese conflict over Manchuria and Korea. However, this war remained only on paper for Montenegro. It was not until 2008 that a peace treaty was officially signed in Podgorica, ending one of the longest wars in history.

Due to its unusual name, the village of Japan was visited in 2008 by the non-resident Japanese ambassador to Montenegro, Tadashi Nagai, accompanied by Japanese journalists. They took the story of the namesake village back to their homeland. Earlier, a group of students from the University of Tokyo had also visited the area and gifted a Japanese translation of “The Mountain Wreath” to the local school.

When Japan was struck by a devastating earthquake and tsunami in 2011, the Government of Montenegro, in addition to state aid, symbolically sent €10,000 in the name of the village of Japan, expressing solidarity with the distant but friendly country.

Hostel Mojan is located in a former border post that once guarded the frontier between Yugoslavia and Albania. After years of neglect, it was renovated with European Union funds and transformed into an attractive tourist destination. Within the hostel’s grounds, 50 Japanese cherry trees were planted, a gift from the Honorary Consulate of Montenegro in Japan to mark the tenth anniversary of Montenegro’s independence. Today, Hostel Mojan is the perfect starting point for exploring the unspoiled nature of the region. From Mojan, trails lead to the peaks of Komovi, Mojan, Žijevo, and Asanac. These mountain routes offer breathtaking landscapes and are ideal for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. After hiking, visitors can enjoy traditional village cuisine made from local ingredients.

WILD GARLIC DAYS AND TRADITIONAL CUISINE

The “Wild Garlic Days and Traditional Cuisine” festival is held at Hostel Mojan in Jošanica. Organized by Komovi Nature Park, the Municipality of Andrijevica, and the local community of Konjuhe, the event promotes traditional cuisine and customs. Visitors can enjoy a rich program and taste healthy dishes enriched with wild garlic, the symbolic plant of the festival. This event encourages eco-tourism and helps preserve the natural treasures of the region.

WILD GARLIC – A GIFT OF NATURE

In spring, the forests of this region are covered with wild garlic (Allium ursinum), also known as “bear garlic.” According to folklore, bears seek it first after hibernation to cleanse their bodies and regain strength. This wild, edible plant has exceptional medicinal properties and thrives only in pristine mountain environments. If transplanted, it struggles to adapt to a new habitat. Foragers must be cautious, as wild garlic can easily be mistaken for two toxic plants – autumn crocus and lily of the valley. Though visually similar, their key difference is in the scent – wild garlic has a strong aroma of garlic. Its medicinal benefits and unique taste make it an essential part of local cuisine and traditional medicine. Visiting this region in spring is the perfect opportunity to discover the wonders of this remarkable plant.

*Listed are rural households that are members of our association and are featured on this site. For other accommodation providers in this area, check Google Maps or Booking.com.

• ZELETIN CIRCLE
• JAPAN – VELIKI MOJAN
• JAPAN – RAVNI -MOJAN – MOJANSKA RIJEKA – JAPAN
• KOMOVI CIRCLE
• JAPAN – RAVNI – ĐUROVICA – ŽIJEVA GLAVA
• MONT ASANAC: SILJEVA GLAVA AND BIOGRAD
• JAPAN – MOJAN – ZABEL (MAJA E ZABELIT)
• JAPAN – KONJIC – VASOJEVIĆKI VRH

In the Balkans, hospitality is an essential tradition, and welcoming guests with a glass of homemade brandy is a symbol of warmth and sincerity. At the Medojević household, this custom takes on special significance through the tasting of four authentic brandies, each carrying its own story and character.

Plum brandy, the queen of spirits, offers the warmth of sun-kissed ripe fruit, while quince brandy unveils the magic of fragrant orchards, evoking autumn days. Apple brandy brings the freshness of spring and blooming trees, while pear brandy, with its mild and refined notes, leaves a lasting, pleasant impression.

Enjoy this experience and let these liquid gems bring you a harmony of flavors that blend tradition with a love for homemade brandy. Raise your glasses, toast, and feel the spirit of true hospitality.

THE ART OF BRANDY DISTILLING

If you visit in autumn, you will witness one of the most important events in village life – brandy distilling. In October, when orchards yield their ripest fruits, the stills are filled, and courtyards become gathering places for family and friends. Around the “cheerful machines,” as they are called here, stories are shared, songs are sung, and joy fills the air alongside the aroma of freshly distilled brandy.

QUINCE – A FRUIT OF TRADITION

Quince has long been a symbol of fertility and family happiness. Its scent brings back memories of times when quinces adorned homes with their distinctive freshness. Though quince orchards are now rare, the Medojević household preserves this tradition, crafting an exceptionally fragrant and rich brandy from its fruit.

ORGANIC PRODUCTION AND HOMEMADE SPECIALTIES

The Medojević household is dedicated to organic farming, cultivating a variety of fruits and vegetables. Their gardens and greenhouses are abundant with cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, onions, and carrots. Their kitchen embodies the authentic taste of homemade products, transformed into carefully prepared preserves, ajvar, salads, jams, and sweet spreads. Special emphasis is placed on organic fruits like aronia and plums, used to make natural, healthy juices – a true vitamin treasure alongside homemade delicacies.

THE SECRET OF BLACK GOLD – ARONIA

Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa), also known as black gold, originates from North America but is now cultivated worldwide, including the harsh regions of Siberia. This incredible plant has gained popularity due to its rich nutritional profile – packed with antioxidants, vitamin C, and essential minerals, making it one of the healthiest fruit crops in the world.

Aronia is considered a true superfood because it positively affects the body – strengthening the immune system, reducing inflammation, and contributing to heart and blood vessel health. Its fruits, with intense colors and a unique taste, are used in various forms – from fresh berries, natural juices, and jams to healthy fruit cocktails and medicinal teas.

THE COMBINATION OF TRADITION AND HEALTH

At the Vukadinović household, you can taste homemade aronia juice, prepared using traditional recipes, as well as many other natural products made from this precious berry. The friendly hosts will also offer you authentic dishes prepared on the hearth, carrying the aromas and flavors of the past, reflecting the richness of the natural ingredients from this region.

The Vukadinović household has been a registered organic fruit producer since 2013, cultivating various apple varieties, aronia, pears, plums, walnuts, cherries, and sour cherries. On the estate, they make healthy fruit juices from aronia and apples, as well as various vitamin-rich drinks that you must try!

In addition to fruit cultivation, the household is registered for rural tourism, offering visitors not only excellent food but also accommodation in a beautiful setting. From here, you can explore Bojna Njiva, the magical landscapes of Bjelasica, and enjoy an unforgettable blend of nature and tradition. Spend a day in nature, breathe in the fresh air, and relax in the evening with traditional cuisine and a peaceful atmosphere that guarantees complete relaxation.

Bjelasica offers plenty for nature lovers and active tourists, and the Vukadinović household will provide you with a unique village experience, creating unforgettable memories.

WILD STRAWBERRIES – THE SCENT OF SPRING

Wild strawberries, with their distinctive scent, evoke memories of childhood and better times. They’re hard to find, making them all the more treasured, and we rejoice every time they appear. Preserved in jars as jam or sweet preserves, they are the most delightful surprise throughout the year, both for the household and any guests who happen to stop by.

MEDICINAL AND WILD HERBS

Montenegro boasts one of the most diverse botanical treasures in Europe. Its mountains hide an abundance of medicinal, aromatic, and wild herbs, with nearly 540 species identified so far. Every family from rural areas collects these herbs – whether for teas, marmalades, or homemade sweets. If you feel tired after hiking, make sure to stop and enjoy a refreshing herbal tea!

HONEY – A NATURAL DELIGHT

Honey from mountain pastures, filled with fragrant flowers of medicinal herbs, is a true natural treasure. In Balkan folklore, honey symbolizes love, which is still widely embraced today. In addition to its healing properties, honey is a sweet treat that has the ability to bring people together, often used as a metaphor for love and harmony in many stories.

RADOVIĆ HOUSEHOLD – TRADITION AND NATURE

At the Radović household, you’ll be greeted with fresh, homemade milk and cheese – whether cow’s milk, goat’s milk, or a blend of both. They also grow a variety of fruits, including aronia, American and native blueberries, plums, raspberries, strawberries, and apples, from which they make delicious and healthy homemade juices and jams. The farm also has a rich vegetable garden and its own cured meats, served alongside traditional meals.

The farm features a small beehive, and their honey is served to guests with homemade teas – perfect for breakfast or a pre-sleep treat. Here, you can enjoy all the natural benefits of the mountains, with warm and welcoming hosts who will guide you through every corner of this unique area.

If you continue from this place toward Bjelasica, you will enter the katun zone, an area of pastures that local herders use for grazing livestock during the summer months. Katuns are of key importance to the history and tradition of this part of Montenegro, serving as summer mountain settlements that have, for centuries, been temporary homes to stockbreeders and shepherds. These settlements still thrive today as monuments of rich culture and customs, as herders from this region continue to follow the tradition of seasonal migration with their flocks, preserving the grass in the lower villages for the cold winter days.

Visiting the katuns on Bjelasica offers visitors a unique chance to experience authentic mountain life, far from the hustle and bustle of the city. Here, you can actively take part in daily herding tasks, such as milking or preparing food, explore traditional katun huts built from wood and stone, and savor homemade specialties made from fresh ingredients provided by this pristine nature. In the katuns, you can taste various local products, including fresh milk, homemade cheese, kaymak, kačamak, and pies made from wild herbs that grow on Bjelasica’s slopes.

Perched at high altitudes, these katuns offer spectacular views of the surrounding mountain ranges, deep valleys, and vast meadows, making them an ideal spot for nature lovers and photographers. Beyond their natural beauty, katuns are also a vital part of the cultural heritage of Bjelasica, Mojkovac, and all of Montenegro. For generations, they have been hubs of mountain life, stockbreeding, and community, preserving customs and stories passed down from one generation to the next. Visiting these places allows for a deeper connection with nature and tradition, offering a sense of peace and simplicity that is hard to find in the modern world.

For those eager to explore this area, it is recommended to follow the Katun Road “Untold Bjelasica.” Detailed information on routes, lodging, and activities can be found at www.katunroads.me, where you can plan your adventure and uncover the hidden beauty of this part of Montenegro.

*Listed are rural households that are members of our association and are featured on this site. For other accommodation providers in this area, check Google Maps or Booking.com.

Nature and adventure lovers can explore stunning landscapes through various activities:

• Hiking and cycling – Trails through forests and meadows offer breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. From Bojna Njiva to Bjelasica, the Montenegrin hiking transversale CT1 passes through some of Montenegro’s most beautiful areas, alongside the top-tier mountain biking route TT3 – The Magical East.
• Horseback riding – Ideal for those who wish to explore the landscape in a traditional way, guided by locals.
• Foraging for wild herbs and mushrooms – The harvest season for medicinal plants, edible mushrooms, and sweet mountain blueberries lasts from spring to autumn.
• Visiting local households – Guests can enjoy homemade products such as cheese, kajmak, traditional bread, and rakija while experiencing the warmth of Montenegrin hospitality.

Bojna Njiva is a place where history, tradition, and untouched nature come together, offering an unforgettable experience to all who wish to explore the authentic beauty of Montenegro.

SKILLED HANDS OF MOUNTAIN WOMEN

Each spring, as Prokletije’s meadows bloom with color, families from Plav drive their livestock to katuns, staying until the first snows. The young tend sheep by day, while mountain women start mornings with milking and cheesemaking. They then care for the family, gathering at night by the hearth. Samelova Koliba is just one of many katuns here – expect warm, open-hearted hospitality from folk living simply, in harmony with nature.

HISTORY OF KATUNS

Katuns appear in records from the 12th century, though archaeology shows herders roamed these peaks far earlier. Wealth was measured in herds, and highland grazing solved the lack of lowland pastures. Once fiercely guarded, katuns sparked tribal clashes over prime grazing land. Montenegrin rulers rewarded loyal tribes with untouched mountain pastures.

KATUN CUISINE

In Montenegro’s villages, food has long been homemade – pure, free of chemicals, from local produce. Seasonal goods are preserved using old recipes for winter. At a katun, you can pick vegetables, milk a cow, or cook with hosts, tasting true tradition.

DISHES OF KATUN CUISINE

On mountains, where meadows are mowed or grain reaped far from home, lunch arrived in a bošča – a woven woolen cloth, precursor to picnic blankets. In katun huts, a sofra – a low wooden table – still serves meals under tree shade. Pies with cheese and greens restore strength, cicvara of curds and flour warms the body, jardum of sheep’s milk lifts the spirit, and akšijaš of wild blueberries delights the palate.

THE LEGEND OF BAJRO

Katuns were usually named after the family surname of their owners. You are now at Bajrović’s Katun, named after Bajro Redžematović, a wealthy nobleman and the owner of vast mountain meadows and land.

Besides being wealthy, Bajro was known for his kindness and honesty. Many farmers and shepherds came to him to buy hay for the winter. This is where the following anecdote comes from.

One year, people gathered at Bajro’s place to buy hay. He asked them to split into two groups – those who had money to pay should stand on one side of the meadow, while those who didn’t should stand on the other. The poor feared they would be left without hay, thinking Bajro would sell to those who could pay first, and only share what was left. But Bajro then asked the “payers” to go elsewhere and buy their hay. When they left, Bajro gave all his hay to the poor.

There have always been rich men, and there always will be, but only those known for their kindness become legends.

KATUNS

The traditional architecture of the Prokletije mountains is recognizable by katuns – seasonal shepherd settlements. Katuns consist of wooden and stone huts for living, known as stanovi, along with auxiliary structures for keeping livestock.

Wooden huts (stanovi) are built without foundations, using interlocking wooden planks. Nearby, there is usually a fenced garden with vegetables for the family, as well as a pen for milking sheep and cows.

Depending on the construction method, there are several types of katuns. One of the most intriguing is the dubirog, also known as savardak or busara. This type of katun has a circular base, made of woven branches, with a cone-shaped roof covered in straw and a central fireplace. Such katuns once existed in the Plav region, but today they are a rarity, or perhaps even extinct.

PROKLETIJE

Ime ovog planinskog masiva ne nosi prizvuk kletve, već odražava njegovu divljinu, nepristupačne vrhove i misteriozna jezera. Prokletije se prostiru na tromeđi Crne Gore, Kosova i Albanije. Kao najjužniji dio Dinarskog sistema, krase ih vijenci vrhova iznad 2.500 metara, duboke doline i strme litice. Njihova surovost i ljepota inspirisale su austrijskog geologa Amija Buea da ih u XIX vijeku nazove „Alpima juga Evrope“. Među ovim vrhovima uzdižu se Rosni vrh, Dobra i Zla Kolata, Trojan, Šilo, Očnjak, Volušnica, Popadija, Talijanka i Karaula, nadmećući se visinama i pejzažima.

LEGENDA O NASTANKU PROKLETIJA

Prema legendi, Bog je visoko u šumama stvorio Hridsko jezero, kako bi se gorske vile u njemu kupale. Vile su dolazile i učinile jezero ljekovitim, darujući mu moć mladosti, ljepote i sreće. Ljudi su poželjeli jezero samo za sebe i otjerali vile. Bog se razbjesni i munjama razori planine oko jezera, ostavivši samo gole stijene. Tako su, kaže predanje, nastale Prokletije.

VILA I BRAĆA

Na planini je živio bračni par sa tri sina. Svi su postali vrsni lovci. Nakon očeve smrti, krenuše u lov i pored jezera primijetiše vilu kako se kupa naga. Ukradoše joj odjeću, a ona ih molila da joj je vrate. Primorana, pođe s njima. Dogovoriše se da je najstariji brat oženi. No, srednji brat ga ubije da bi vila bila njegova. Nedugo zatim, najmlađi brat ubije srednjeg iz iste želje. Primakavši se kući, obuze ga kajanje – kako da se vrati majci bez braće? U očaju, oduze sebi život. Vila tada pokupi haljine i vrati se svojim drugaricama.

Majka ih je tri dana čekala, a zatim krenula u potragu. Pronašla ih je mrtve i gorko naricala. Od njenih jauka i kletvi odjekivala su brda i doline. Vila joj priđe i ispriča istinu. Majka zavapi: „Pro-kle-ti-jo!“, i izdahnu. Po njoj, ljudi ovu planinu nazvaše Prokletije.

KOLOVRAT

Ancient beliefs about mystical beings in nature have been passed down through generations, and the secrets of Montenegro’s mystical landscapes still live in the stories of the elders. Among these tales, one of the most enigmatic is linked to Hridsko Lake, a hidden gem in the heights of the Prokletije mountains. Its surreal beauty and crystal-clear waters have always stirred the imagination, inspiring legends filled with magic and caution.

It is said that lake fairies, known as jezerkinje, reside in Hridsko Lake—mysterious beings from a world of dreams and enchantment. According to folklore, the nighttime silence of the lake conceals their voices and songs, and anyone who dares to approach the water in the late hours may feel an inexplicable chill or even see flickering shadows dancing under the moonlight. People believe that the fairies created a whirlpool, called the kolovrat, in the northeastern part of the lake—a vortex that mysteriously pulls in anyone brave enough to swim there. Elders claim that some reckless swimmers have disappeared without a trace, and soon after, the water would become calm again, as if keeping its secrets hidden in its depths.

HRIDSKO LAKE

Legend has it that God created Hridsko Lake deep within the dense forest, far from human sight, so that mountain fairies could bathe in its waters. He delighted in their beauty and joy, and in return, they blessed the lake with healing properties, granting youth, beauty, and health. However, when people discovered this place, they wanted the lake for themselves. In their greed, they chased away the fairies, disturbing the balance of nature. Enraged, God unleashed lightning and thunder, destroying everything nearby. From that moment on, the mountains surrounding the lake were cursed, and the lake eternally echoes the past.

THE LAKE OF HAPPINESS

Despite the reverence Hridsko Lake commands, people also call it the Lake of Happiness. It is believed that those who bathe in its waters gain inner peace, good health, and longevity. There is also a tradition of tossing a coin or a piece of jewelry into the water while making a silent wish, as the lake is said to grant the heart’s deepest desires.

Its waters are still considered sacred and healing. Many visitors, following the advice of the elders, wash their faces with the lake’s water, believing it will grant them beauty and protection from illness. Those who carry sorrow in their hearts come here hoping to find solace, while lovers believe that their love, like the secrets of Hridsko Lake, will last forever.

Prokletije is rich in diverse fauna, with many species protected by law. This mountain range is home to about 60 endemic insect species and 130 species of butterflies. In the wider area of Prokletije, there are 40 species of amphibians and reptiles, nine of which are endemic. The slopes of Bogićevica are home to the alpine salamander (Salamandra atra), an endemic species of tailed amphibian that can survive at altitudes up to 2,500 meters. This species is protected at both national and international levels.

The host of Hridsko Lake, the Prokletije lizard (Dinarolacerta montenegrina), is a rare reptile species that survived the Ice Age and exists only in Prokletije. It was discovered 110 years after the Mosor lizard. Initially believed to be a subspecies of the Mosor lizard, in 2007, it was confirmed to be a distinct species. During winter, it hides under rocks, and in spring, it returns to the lake to reproduce and hunt small insects. In Prokletije, 161 bird species have been recorded. Their habitats include mountain regions, forest ecosystems, lakes, and rivers. Among the most notable are the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), the capercaillie, and the rock partridge.

In this area, the brown bear (Ursus arctos), wolf (Canis lupus), fox (Vulpes vulpes), chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and hare (Lepus europaeus) are common. Among small mammals, notable species include the forest shrew, alpine shrew, water shrew, and blind mole, all of which are protected. The Prokletije National Park is home to more than 1,600 plant species, making up half of Montenegro’s flora and one-fifth of the total Balkan flora. The high-mountain environment of Prokletije is rich in local endemics, with 180 endemic species recorded.

The Hridsko Lake ecosystem is exceptionally rich in algae, with 245 species recorded, 78 of which were identified for the first time in Montenegro. The trail to the lake passes through a forest of Bosnian pine, an endemic species of the Balkan Peninsula. The Bosnian pine thrives in harsh climatic conditions, with cracked bark resembling armor. It can reach a height of 30 meters and a trunk diameter of one meter. The Macedonian pine grows at elevations from 1,000 to over 2,000 meters, while the Bosnian pine is found at 1,700 to 2,000 meters. These forests have characteristics of primeval forests and represent a rare botanical phenomenon in the Balkans.

The trail to Hridsko Lake winds through dense blueberry fields. In late summer, visitors can enjoy delicious and healthy wild blueberries, which cover vast forested areas. Due to the abundance of this fruit, Plav is known for hosting the Blueberry Days festival. In addition to blueberries, this region is rich in wild raspberries, blackberries, mountain currants, and wild apples.

*Listed are rural households that are members of our association and are featured on this site. For other accommodation providers in this area, check Google Maps or Booking.com.

• PEAKS OF BALKANS
• ČAKOR PASS – BANDERA OD STARCA
• ČAKOR – STARAC -BABINO POLJE
• TRAIL PL04
• ACCURSED MOUNTAINS

Velika was first mentioned in King Milutin’s charter from 1330-1331. During the Middle Ages, it served as a favored retreat and hunting ground for the Nemanjić dynasty. Later, it came under the rule of powerful feudal lords, such as the Balšić and Branković families, and gained strategic importance.

With the arrival of the Ottomans in the late 15th century, Velika became part of the Gusinje Sanjak. Life in the village was harsh, especially during wartime. Fearing Ottoman retaliation, many residents fled their homes in 1689-1690. Stability returned in 1857, when Velika became part of Montenegro with the formation of the Velika Captaincy.

The people of Velika showed great courage and loyalty throughout history, participating in major Balkan wars. During the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), the Velički Battalion distinguished itself in battles near Shkodra, while in World War I, locals defended the Čakor Pass. The most tragic event occurred on July 28, 1944, when the Skanderbeg and Prinz Eugen divisions massacred at least 428 civilians, including women and children.

The Velika School

The first school in Velika was founded in 1864 under extremely difficult conditions. At the time, boys often carried rifles along with their schoolbooks. After World War II, the school was rebuilt and modernized. Hundreds of locals earned university degrees, many pursuing doctorates and contributing to the development of their community.

Today, the Velika School houses the largest rural library in Montenegro, with over 8,000 books, making it a cultural and educational center for the region. Despite its turbulent past, Velika remains a symbol of resilience, unity, and the pursuit of a better future.

The memorial jumping event, “Jumps for Remembrance,” has been held since 2003 in honor of the prematurely lost lives of children from this region: Miroslav Mića Knežević, Julija Brudar, Olivera Maksimović, Filip Mikić, Komnen Turković, Boris Praščević, and Mihailo Petrović. This event takes place alongside the Čakor Games, gathering competitors and spectators from various areas on the banks of the Lim River. More than just a sports competition, these jumps serve as a heartfelt reminder of the importance of preserving memories and community bonds.

INTERVILLAGE OLYMPICS ON THE LIM RIVERBANK

Since 2016, every July 29th and 30th, the Čakor Games have been held in Velika, a traditional competition among teams from surrounding villages. More than a sporting event, these games—organized by “Klub Velika”—help preserve the spirit of unity and local customs. The competitions take place on the riverbanks, in the Lim itself, and on sand sports fields. Participants compete in bridge jumping, swimming, tug-of-war, and rope climbing, while races and skill-based games draw special attention. Each team consists of ten members, competing under the names of their villages.

Beyond the competitive spirit, music, entertainment, and local delicacies are an essential part of the event. Visitors enjoy barbecue, traditional bean stew, and cold beer, while a market showcases local products and handicrafts. The games attract an increasing number of participants and guests, strengthening the bond between generations and celebrating the region’s rich heritage. The local community plays an active role, making this event a true symbol of resilience, friendship, and cultural legacy.

If you want to participate in these games, contact the organizer, Klub Velika, at info@velika.me.

CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL

Ćafa can be reached from Gornja Ržanica or via this trail from Čakor. This mountain pass was once the only link between the village of Velika and the free part of Montenegro, making it a place of great historical significance.

In 2012, the Church of Saints Peter and Paul was built here in honor of the heroes of the Balkan Wars of 1912. During the battles for the liberation of this region from Ottoman rule, under the command of General Radomir Vešović, around fifty warriors bravely fell in combat, coming from:

• The Gornja Vasojević Brigade (commanded by General Vešović),
• The Velika Battalion (commanded by Major Kostadin Mikić),
• The Trepča-Šekular Detachment (commanded by Commander Milo Kenjić).

Near the church, there is a preserved military cemetery and monuments erected between the two world wars, commemorating the bravery and sacrifice of the warriors from this region.

The church was built at an altitude of 1840 meters, making it the highest-altitude church in Montenegro and Europe. Before its construction, this title was held by the Church of Saint Elijah on Carine, in the Komovi Mountains, which stands at 1800 meters above sea level.

Above the village of Velika begins the Borderline Heights Katun Road, a thematic route connecting Cakor with Hajla, running along the border between Montenegro and Kosovo. The katuns (mountain, transhumant settlements) are of crucial importance to the history and tradition of this region. These summer mountain settlements have historically been home to herders and shepherds, and today they remain living monuments of culture and tradition. They are used for grazing, and for centuries, herders have moved with their flocks to these temporary settlements to preserve the village grass for the winter months.

A visit to the Velika’s katuns allows visitors to experience authentic mountain life, where you can participate in herding activities, visit traditional katun huts, and enjoy homemade food prepared from fresh ingredients. In the katuns, you can sample local products such as fresh milk, cheese, skorup (cream), kacamak (cornmeal), or pies made from wild herbs.

These katuns, located at high altitudes, offer unforgettable views of the surrounding mountain ranges and valleys. They represent an important part of the cultural heritage of Velika, and Montenegro as a whole, as they have long been centers of mountain life and livestock tradition. A visit to the katuns is an opportunity to connect with nature and tradition of this region and experience the peace that comes with staying in these isolated, yet beautiful parts of Velika.

Learn more about katuns, services offered at katuns, and katun trails at katunroads.me.

Mount Čakor and its surroundings, part of the Dinarides, are home to rich biodiversity. The flora includes around 2,000 vascular species, encompassing endemics and medicinal plants. Among them are edelweiss (Leontopodium alpinum), protected on screes, alpine aster (Aster alpinus) with purple-yellow flower heads, and yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea), a medicinal plant with yellow flowers. Endemics such as Košanin’s houseleek (Sempervivum kosanini), Nikolina’s violet (Viola orphanidis subsp. nikolai), and Pančić’s valerian (Valeriana pancicii) adorn rocks and meadows. Medicinal species include yarrow (Achillea millefolium), wild garlic (Allium ursinum), and blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), while forests are dominated by endemic whitebark pine (Pinus heldreichii) and Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce). Poisonous plants like deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) with lethal berries and death cap (Amanita phalloides), the most toxic mushroom, demand caution.

The fauna is diverse: mammals include the brown bear (Ursus arctos), a mighty forest dweller, and the wolf (Canis lupus), a forest animal. Birds such as the capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), an endangered highland resident, Bonelli’s eagle (Aquila fasciata), a canopy hunter, and hazel grouse (Tetrastes bonasia) enrich the skies, with over 180 species recorded. Reptiles like the adder (Vipera berus) and the endemic meadow viper (Vipera ursinii macrops) inhabit rocky areas, while amphibians such as the alpine salamander (Salamandra atra) with neurotoxic glands and yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata) with yellow spots thrive in wet zones. Fungi number around 2,500 species—edible ones like porcini (Boletus edulis), chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius), and saffron milk cap (Lactarius deliciosus), but also toxic ones like Satan’s bolete (Boletus satanas).

Of Montenegro’s 415 protected species, 60 are found on Čakor and Prokletije, including 42 on the European Red List.

Toja’s Cave is located 4 km from the peak of Cakor, at an altitude of 1754 meters, making it one of the highest-altitude caves in Montenegro.

This geologically significant and still partially unexplored cave is set within the limestone massifs of Mount Mokra. Its long corridors, underground pools, and impressive rock formations testify to the powerful natural forces that have shaped this region.

HOW THE CAVE GOT ITS NAME

During the Balkan Wars in 1912, the Montenegrin army was constructing a road from Sjekirica through Mokra and Vaganica to Cakor, aiming to transport two large cannons for an offensive towards Metohija. During construction, the planned route encountered a rock formation beneath which the cave was located.

A soldier, Tomica Toja Brkovic, a member of the Velika Battalion, knew about the cave and warned engineers that blasting the rock could cause irreversible damage to this natural wonder. Initially, the engineers refused to alter the route, but after an intervention by General Radomir Vesovic, the decision was made to modify the road in order to preserve the cave.

As a result, the cave was named Toja’s Cave, in honor of the soldier who fought to protect it.
Today, Toja’s Cave remains one of Montenegro’s fascinating speleological sites, with its hidden corridors awaiting new explorers and adventure seekers.

*Listed are rural households that are members of our association and are featured on this site. For other accommodation providers in this area, check Google Maps or Booking.com.

From the activities you can enjoy here, we highlight:

• The Katun Trail and Visits to Katuns – Savor homemade fare and traditional meals like pies made of wild herbs and fresh cheese, while hearing tales of old customs and a lifestyle nurtured here across centuries.
• Hiking and Cycling – Discover the splendor of Čakor, Planinica, Mokra, and other nearby peaks around Velika, on foot or by bike, with incredible scenery and panoramic vistas.
• Forest Trail Walks – Wandering the woods near Velika has healing effects and boosts immunity, while also being a chance to enjoy silence and crisp air.
• Cave Exploration – Visit Tojina Cave with a guide and explore the speleological wealth of this region, hiding fascinating natural formations.
• Water Activities – Swimming and rafting on the Lim River or relishing rapids and mountain streams offer a perfect way to cool off during warm summer days.
• Čakor Games – Every year, in late July, Velika holds an inter-village contest with various events on the Lim River and sand, gathering locals and visitors from all regions.
• Foraging Wild Herbs and Mushrooms – Picking medicinal herbs or edible mushrooms on Čakor, or blueberries on slopes, is both useful and a calming way to connect with nature.
• Village Tasks – Take the chance to join in field and livestock work at katuns and feel authentic rural life, including milking cows, making homemade cheese, and other traditional chores.

Whether you’re a fan of active rest, an explorer of pristine nature, or someone simply seeking peace and quiet far from urban clamor, Velika will grant you an unforgettable experience and a chance to uncover the beauty of one of Montenegro’s most hidden gems.

• VAGANICA CIRCLE
• BANDERA OD STARCA
• KATUN ROADS
• ACCURSED MOUNTAINS

Vraneska Dolina, through which the Ljubovidja River winds, has been a meeting place of people, cultures, and historical events for centuries. Located in the heart of the Bijelo Polje region, it now offers a blend of spiritual heritage, active tourism, and untouched nature that invites exploration.

Monasteries of Zlates and Bliskovo
– Witnesses of Time

This region is home to two significant monasteries – Zlates and Bliskovo, whose presence testifies to the spiritual and cultural heritage of Vraneska Dolina.

The Zlateš Monastery, located in a peaceful valley in the village of Tomasevo, is dedicated to St. Prophet Elijah. Its simple architecture blends harmoniously with the natural surroundings, while its interior is adorned with an iconostasis featuring traditional Orthodox icons. Originally a church, it was later transformed into a monastery, becoming a place of prayer and spiritual retreat.

The Bliskovo Monastery, situated deeper within Vraneska Dolina, is hidden among hills and forests, offering a sense of peace and tranquility. Its modest architecture and natural setting make it a sanctuary for visitors seeking spiritual reflection and insight into the history of this region.

Cycling Route
– Through Landscapes of the Past and Present

Vraneška Dolina provides ideal conditions for cycling routes that connect cultural and natural landmarks. The trail winds through picturesque landscapes, passing by the monasteries of Zlates and Bliskovo, offering cyclists a chance to pause, feel the spirit of the place, and continue towards a unique natural phenomenon – the Skakala Waterfall.

Hiking Trail to Skakala Waterfall
– A Journey Through Untouched Nature

For hiking enthusiasts, the trail to Skakala Waterfall offers an authentic experience of the region’s nature. The path leads through lush vegetation and gentle meadows, providing an unforgettable journey. The waterfall, cascading from great heights, is one of the most stunning natural wonders of this area. It is especially impressive in spring and autumn when the strong water flow creates a dramatic sight, while in summer, it provides a refreshing retreat in the shade of centuries-old trees.

Mihailo Miša Janketić (1938–2019), a legendary Yugoslav actor, spent his childhood in Tomasevo, where early hardships shaped his strength and resilience. Losing his parents during World War II, he carried a promise to one day give his children the warmth and love he never had.

His first steps on stage were taken right here, in Sekulina Tavern, where he moved the audience to tears while reciting “At My Mother’s Grave”.

FROM SMALL STAGES TO THEATER ICON

Janketić became a pillar of Yugoslav Drama Theater, starring in classics such as “Crime and Punishment,” “A Streetcar Named Desire,” “When Pumpkins Blossomed”. His breakthrough came in Jean-Paul Sartre’s “Dirty Hands” (1966), earning him the Raša Plaović award and cementing his place among the greatest.

SUMMER ACTING SCHOOL

Although born in Novi Sad, he returned to Tomasevo every summer, where he founded a theater workshop on his family estate. His Summer Acting School became a cherished tradition, attracting locals and visitors eager to witness outstanding performances.

From his Vraneš childhood to the “Dobrica’s Ring” – the highest award for lifetime achievement – Miša Janketić remains a legend of Yugoslav theater and a devoted son of his homeland.

Vraneška Valley is named after Herak Vraneš, who is considered the founder of the Vraneši tribe and lived during the second half of the 14th and the beginning of the 15th century. As a prominent local native, he played a significant role in governing this area, which is confirmed by Ottoman censuses from 1468 and 1477, where his name is recorded. His family reflects the complex historical processes this region underwent, particularly in the context of the transition from Christianity to Islam. His son Đorđe is known for restoring the Zastup Monastery, while another son, Ibrahim, converted to Islam and attained the high military rank of pasha, indicating the socio-political changes of that time.

Church of the Presentation of the Holy Mother of God

This church, built in the 20th century, serves not only as a religious but also as a cultural center for the residents of Tomaševo. Its iconostasis is particularly significant because it bears the inscribed names of all those whose donations aided its restoration, leaving a lasting mark on the history of this region. Next to the church lies an old cemetery, which, with its long-standing tombstones, testifies to the rich past and continuity of life in this area.

Roman Stele at the Village Cemetery

At the village cemetery, a significant archaeological artifact can be seen – a Roman stele carved with three human figures. This tombstone provides clear evidence that Vraneška Valley was inhabited as far back as ancient times, during the period of Roman dominance. Its presence suggests that a Roman urban settlement existed nearby, further confirming the historical importance of this area and its prolonged habitation across different eras.

Located about 3 km from Zlates Monastery, Novakovic Cave is shrouded in legends. Some believe it is connected to Zuta Cave, while other tunnels are said to lead deep underground, even to Kosovo Polje. It was once a refuge for the outlaw Starina Novak, and stories speak of hidden treasure lying behind an underground lake that no one has dared to explore.

THE LEGEND OF THE LATIN TREASURE

According to legend, after the fall of the Brskovo trading town, Latins (Western Catholics) hid their treasure in Novakovic Cave. Some fled, while others later returned to retrieve the buried riches. Even today, locals search for the gold believed to be hidden in the cave’s deep chambers.

THE LEGEND OF ZUTA CAVE

Perched above Novakovic Cave, Zuta Cave is difficult to access and is said to be connected through underground tunnels. Many have tried to explore its depths but failed. In the late 19th century, Muso Muslic managed to enter and discovered an underground lake, mysterious inscriptions, and a treasure-filled chamber guarded by a black ram with enormous horns. Terrified, he barely made it out alive.

CANYONS AND SPRINGS OF VRANSTICA

A scenic trail leads to Novakovic Cave, passing through the Vranstica Canyon, following a crystal-clear river with small waterfalls and rest stops. Nearby lies the Bezdanica Canyon, whose towering cliffs reveal stunning natural rock formations when the river dries up in summer.

This fountain stands as an eternal witness and preserves the precious memory of the fearless youth of Jagoda Bogićević, a brave partisan from Bjelopavlići. As the medical officer of the 1st Company, 4th Battalion of the Sava Kovačević Brigade within the Fifth Montenegrin Brigade, Jagoda left her mark on numerous battlefields. She endured fierce battles at Vučevo, Igman, Ljubin Grob, Treskavica, Prozor, Vakuf, and Neretva, where she demonstrated exceptional courage and determination. Amid the whirlwind of war, her gentle yet resolute hands tirelessly healed the wounds of many comrades, offering them not only care but also hope and strength to persevere in the fight for freedom. Her contribution was a light in the darkness of wartime days, a symbol of sacrifice and humanity amidst chaos.

Like her father Mirko, who fell in the struggle for freedom in 1942, Jagoda never wavered in the face of challenges; she stood bravely alongside her comrades. At just 19 years old, during an assault on enemy barricades, she gave her young life here, at Vučji Potok, on April 18, 1944, leaving behind an indelible legacy. Yet Jagoda has not faded from the people’s memory. Her bravery and sacrifice live on in songs, in the renowned Yugoslav film Sutjeska, where her role as a courageous partisan nurse was portrayed by actress Neda Arnerić, and in stories passed down from generation to generation. And here, beside this fountain, her name and deeds will endure as long as clear water flows from the spring of freedom, reminding us of her unwavering strength and nobility. Glory and gratitude to her for all she did.

*Listed are rural households that are members of our association and are featured on this site. For other accommodation providers in this area, check Google Maps or Booking.com.

Activities in Vraneška Valley are diverse, offering opportunities to enjoy both nature and culture:

Embark on a hike or bike ride – with a guide or on your own – to the Galice viewpoint, Lještanica Waterfall, the source and canyon of the Vranštica River, or the Bezdanica Canyon.
Explore cycling route 916 or marked mountain trails across Lisa Mountain (951).
Experience a speleological adventure in Novaković Cave with a mandatory local guide and uncover its secrets and beauty.
Enjoy a bike ride from Zlateš Monastery to Bliškova Monastery through the valley’s green paths.
Try horseback riding across the Lisa Mountain plateaus or join a riding school.
Visit Zlateš and Bliškova monasteries, the Church of the Presentation of the Virgin Mary in Vranštica, or the village cemetery to learn how the valley got its name.
Be enchanted by the traditional architecture of old houses, blending seamlessly with nature and the surrounding mountain ridges.
Sample local specialties – cheese, kajmak, yogurt, cured meats, and homemade dishes from organic gardens and orchards.

Tomaševo and Vraneška Valley await you to discover their natural beauty, rich history, and warm hospitality!

Events during the second half of the 17th century would drastically mark life in these regions, leaving deep traces in the history and fate of the local population. Two wars—the Cretan War (1645–1669) and the Great Turkish War (1683–1699)—along with the active support of the Christian population for Venice, the Habsburg Monarchy, and Russia, provoked a strong reaction from the Ottoman Empire. This support led to fierce retaliation from the Porte, resulting in mass migrations, the flight of the people, and a redirection of life toward the northern areas of the Balkans, where they sought safety and a fresh start.

During the Cretan War, the Budim Metropolitan Pajsije Kolašinović took a bold step by entering secret negotiations with papal envoys. His goal was to organize a joint struggle against the Ottomans, but this plan did not remain hidden for long. The Ottomans discovered it, and in 1648, the metropolitan met a tragic end, killed for his efforts. Following this event, the Turkish authorities launched a merciless reprisal—the people suffered, and the church in Šudikova was destroyed, leaving behind desolation and sorrow.

The first, and especially the second wave of migrations under the patriarchs of the Čarnojević family, marked a turning point for the people of Polica, forcing them to emigrate and flee to the territories of the Habsburg Monarchy and the Republic of Venice. Throughout the 18th century, this area turned into a desolate, neglected, and ruined place, where former homes and hearths stood abandoned. Nearly an entire century passed before families from Vasojevići and central Montenegro decided to return. Gradually, they began to resettle and inhabit the deserted, overgrown hearths of Polica and its surroundings, breathing new life into the region.

The symbol of the forced departure and the uprooting of the people became the ruined church near the Goražde cemetery, beside which stands a sacred oak as a silent witness to the past. In 1998, its restoration began, bringing hope and a new beginning. On the old foundations of the Nemanjić church, the Church of the Holy Trinity was solemnly consecrated in 2001. This restoration restored spiritual peace to Polica, easing the painful memories of the time of great national suffering and marking a reconciliation with a difficult past.

From Jejevica, a magnificent view stretches over Berane and the Lim Valley – a space where nature, history, and life have intertwined through millennia.

Berane, situated in the heart of this fertile basin, testifies to human presence for more than three thousand years. From prehistoric settlements and Roman fortifications to Ottoman rule and struggles for freedom, this town has always been a crossroads of cultures and events that have shaped its identity. Here, trade routes met, peoples intermingled, and stories of survival and new beginnings emerged.

The basin, through which the Lim River meanders, is bordered by the mighty mountains of Bjelasica, Komovi, and Prokletije, whose high peaks can be seen from this vantage point on a clear day. These mountains are not just a natural boundary but also guardians of history and tradition. For centuries, shepherds have lived in their highland pastures, passing down knowledge and customs from generation to generation. Today, they are a paradise for hikers, nature enthusiasts, and those who wish to feel the peace and strength of an untouched landscape.

Jeevica is not only a window to the past but also a meeting point with adventure. As one of the most famous paragliding launch sites in the region, it offers an unforgettable experience of free flight above a landscape where centuries converge. From this launch site, traditional paragliding competitions are now held, attracting adventurers from across the region and beyond.

Stand still, listen, and feel the spirit of this place – where the gaze reaches far, and history speaks through the silence of the wind.

A high, inaccessible rock at 850 meters above sea level provided safety and protection to the communities living nearby as early as the Bronze and Iron Ages. In the third century, during the period of Roman rule, a circular fortification was erected here, featuring two parallel walls, each 1.8 meters thick, enclosing an area of one hectare. Alongside Tumbarica, in the Berane Basin, this site—known as Gradina—served as a vantage point for controlling and monitoring the communication routes that ran through the Polimlje region toward the central Balkans and the province of Prevalis, with a particularly significant route leading to Skadar (Scodra). When reflecting on the Roman Empire, it’s worth remembering that roads were one of its greatest contributions to civilization.

With the expansion of Roman urbanization policies from the coast into the interior of the province, military fortifications (castra) and civilian villas began to emerge in the northern part of present-day Montenegro during this period. In the Berane Basin, remnants of a military castrum and an urban villa have been discovered at the sites of Lužac and Budimlja. Gradac was one of several fortifications that protected this Roman population from the urbanized areas, serving as a defense against plundering raids or during times of instability.

It is believed that the fortification was damaged and abandoned during the Gothic incursions, only to be likely restored during Justinian’s Byzantine renewal (reign from 527 to 565) with the construction of outer ramparts on the northern side. Archaeological finds—including everyday pottery such as pots and bowls, iron arrowheads, various tools, bronze coins, knives, and agricultural implements—date back to the 5th and 6th centuries.

Life appears to have continued until the arrival and settlement of the Slavs in the late 6th and early 7th centuries CE, when Gradac was burned down, as evidenced by a layer of soot and ash found in the excavated structure.

Rural Household Kastratović
+382 (0)68 112 117

*Listed are rural households that are members of our association and are featured on this site. For other accommodation providers in this area, check Google Maps or Booking.com.

HIKING: On foot or partially motorized, it’s up to you how you’ll reach the Gradac fortress through the forest. A story awaits you there, along with an unforgettable 360° view.

CYCLING AND MOTORBIKING: The Polica plateau is perfect for enjoying the wind and a flat road.

PARAGLIDING: Jajevica features a well-known paragliding launch site. In May, the traditional memorial cup “Slavko Šćekić” is held.

PARTICIPATING IN FOLK FAIRS: “Harvest Days on Polica” – a celebration and a delight for the eyes and tables, an event that preserves tradition and honors the new grain and autumn fruits, held at the end of August. As part of the event, the best flatbread is chosen. “Polica Flatbread” celebrates grain and bread, where hardworking housewives showcase the culinary traditions of the Berane region.